The Western Balkans is a region that has been aspiring to join the European Union for years. However, this process is prolonged due to the often insufficient involvement of individual governments in the actual implementation of reforms, but also of the EU itself, which did not express a real desire for enlargement. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine seems to be an additional strong incentive to reactivate the region in order to prevent it from becoming an arena of foreign, including Russian, influence. Russia is particularly interested in deepening conflicts and destabilizing the situation in the region in order to prevent the Western Balkans from joining the EU. The aim of this article is to analyze the current situation in the countries of the region, after the outbreak of the Russian war in Ukraine, in the context of potential challenges for the security of the Western Balkan countries.