World War Two as the Source of Legitimisation and Political Mobilisation Today
The Case of Ex-Yugoslav Countries: Croatia and Serbia
Abstrakt
Topics concerning the Second World War are widely present in the public spheres of ex-Yugoslav countries. Owing to the absence of democratic legitimization of the Yugoslav Communist Party’s government and Josip Broz Tito himself, the tale of the National Liberation Battle became the main legitimizing source of their regime and foundation myth of socialist Yugoslavia. Due to that, the partisan struggle from the time of the Second World War was in the limelight of propaganda during the communist regime, but at the same time the Communist Party kept the interpretive monopoly on it. Because this part of history has been turned into a myth and a free debate on the traumas of war has been impossible, the peoples of former Yugoslavia have failed to face and overcome a painful past. Nonetheless, nationalist narratives that saw their own nation as an exclusively innocent victim of others survived the socialist period. In this way, they greatly contributed to the new war of the 1990s.The situation in ex-Yugoslav countries is quite dynamic and complex, and each country has its specifics concerning the memory of WW2, while still it is the, or one of the, fundamental sources used for legitimization by groups aspiring for power and for the mobilization of their supporters everywhere.
Bibliografia
Banac I., “Historiography of the Countries of Eastern Europe: Yugoslavia”, The American Historical Review 1992, Vol. 97, No. 4, pp. 1084–1104.
Barić N., „Prvi hrvatski predsjednik dr. Franjo Tuđman o jugoslavenskom predsjedniku Josipu Brozu Titu”. in: Herman Kaurić, V. (ed.) Dr. Franjo Tuđman u okviru hrvatske historiografije, Zbornik radova sa znanstvenog skupa održanoga u Hrvatskom institutu za povijest u Zagrebu 10. i 11. prosinca 2009, Zagreb: Hrvatski institut za povijest, Hrvatski institut za povijest – Podružnica za povijest, 2011, pp. 313–340.
Czerwiński M., Drugi svjetski rat u hrvatskoj i srpskoj prozi (1945–2015), Zagreb: Hrvatska sveučilišna naklada – Zavod za znanost o književnosti Filozofskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, 2018.
Hudelist D., Tuđman. Biografija, Zagreb: Profi l International, 2004.
Kočović B., Žrtve Drugoga svjetskog rata u Jugoslaviji, London: Veritas Foundation Press, 1985.
Krušelj Ž., Zarobljenici paralelnih povijesti. Hrvatsko-srpska historiografska fronta na prijelazu stoljeća, Zagreb: Srednja Europa, 2018.
Najbar-Agičić M., „Od kulta ličnosti do detitoizacije. Prikazi Josipa Broza Tita u hrvatskim i srpskim udžbenicima povijesti“. In: Škrbić Alempijević, N., Mathijesen Hjemdahl, K. (eds.). O Titu kao mitu. Proslava dana mladosti u Kumrovcu. Zagreb: FF-press – Srednja Europa, 2006, pp. 377–397.
Najbar-Agičić M., „Titova bista i „vruće“ hrvatsko ljeto. Politička upotreba povijesti u Hrvatskoj – ljeto 2014”, Acta Histriae, 2015, vol. 23 No 3, pp. 459–474.
Najbar-Agičić M., U skladu s marksizmom ili činjenicama: Hrvatska historiografija 1945–1960, Zagreb: Ibis grafika, 2013.
Poznać Bałkany. Historia – polityka – kultura – język, Toruń: Instytut Filologii Słowiańskiej UMK.
Rihtman-Auguštin D., Ulice moga grada, Antropologija domaćeg terena, Beograd: Biblioteka XX vek, 2000.
Stojanović D., Populism the Serbian Way, Beograd: Peščanik, 2017.
Stryjek T., Współczesna Serbia i Chorwacja wobec własnej historii, Warszawa: ISP PAN – Scholar, 2020.
Studying the Memory of Communism. Genealogy, Social Practices and Communication, eds. R. Halili, G. Franzinetti, A.F. Kola, Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja, 2021.
Subotić J., Yellow Star, Red Star. Holocaust Remembrance after Communism, Cornel University Press, 2019.
Žerjavić V., Gubici stanovništva Jugoslavije u drugom svjetskom ratu, Zagreb Jugoslavensko viktimološko društvo, 1989.
Zacharias M., Komunizm, federacja, nacjonalizmy. System władzy w Jugosławii 1943–1991: powstanie, przekształcenie, rozkład, Warszawa: Neriton, 2004.
University North, Koprivnica Chorwacja
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9677-8156
Ten utwór jest dostępny na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa-Użycie niekomercyjne-Na tych samych warunkach 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
