Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
KiS baner

Vol. 61 No. 2 (2017): ŚWIATY SPOŁECZNE SPORTU

From the Research Workshops

On Masculinity as Con- structed by the Media: An Outline of Theoretical Issues and an Example of an Empirical Analysis

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35757/KiS.2017.61.2.5
Submitted: April 28, 2021
Published: April 24, 2017

Abstract

This article analyzes how the category of masculinity is constructed in sports writing. It uses texts on sports that appeared in Gazeta Wyborcza, an opinion-forming Polish newspaper. The number of such articles was calculated, with distinctions between men’s and women’s sports, and the gender of the journalists or experts involved. Qualitative analysis showed which disciplines are presented and in what manner, and how the roles of male and female participants are characterized. It emerges that the media message varies in regard to the type of sport and manner of describing the participants. It is shown that the texts in Gazeta Wyborcza reproduce hegemonic masculinity.

References

  1. Adams Adi, 2011, ‘Josh Wears Pink Cleats’: Inclusive Masculinity on the Soccer Field, „Journal of Homosexuality”, t. 58(5), s. 579–596.
  2. Adams Adi, Anderson Eric, McCormack Mark, 2010, Establishing and Challenging Masculinity: The Influence of Gendered Discourses in Organized Sport, „Journal of Language and Social Psychology”, t. 29(3), s. 278–300.
  3. Anderson Eric, 2005, In the Game: Gay Athletes and the Cult of the Masculinity, State University of New York Press, New York.
  4. Anderson Eric, 2008, ‘I Used to Think that Women Are Weak’: Orthodox Masculinity, Gender Segregation and Sport, „Sociological Forum”, t. 23(2), s. 257–280.
  5. Anderson Eric, 2009, The Maintenance of Masculinity Among the Stakeholders of Sport, „Sport Management Review”, t. 12, s. 3–14.
  6. Anderson Eric, 2011, Masculinities and Sexualities in Sport and Physical Cultures: Three Decades of Evolving Research, „Journal of Homosexuality”, t. 58(5), s. 565–578.
  7. Anderson Eric, 2012, Shifting Masculinities in Anglo-American Countries, „Masculinities and Social Change”, t. 1(1), s. 40–60.
  8. Anderson Eric, Mcguire Rhidian, 2010, Inclusive Masculinity Theory and Gendered Politics of Men’s Rugby, „Journal of Gender Studies”, t. (19)3, s. 249–261.
  9. Berg Leah, 1998, The Sport Hero Meets Mediated Celebrityhood, w: Lawrence Wenner (red.), Mediasport, Routledge, London–New York.
  10. Bishop Ronald, 2003, Missing in Action: Feature Coverage of Women’s Sport in Sport Illustrated, „Journal of Sport and Social Issues”, t. 27, s. 184–194.
  11. Boyle Raymond, Haynes Richard, 2009, Power Play: Sport, the Media and Popular Culture, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  12. Capranica Laura i in., 2005, Newspaper Coverage of Women’s Sport During The 2000 Sydney Olympic Games: Belgium, Denmark, France and Italy, „Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport”, t. 76, s. 212–223.
  13. Chimot Caroline, Louveau Catherine, 2010, Becoming a Man While Playing a Female Sport: The Construction of Masculine Identity in Boys Doing Rhythmic Gymnastics, „International Review for the Sociology of Sport”, t. 45(4), s. 436–456.
  14. Connell Raewyn W., 2001, Masculinities, Polity Press, Cambridge.
  15. Connell Raewyn W., 2000, Men and the Boys, University of California Press, Berkeley.
  16. Connell Raewyn W., 1998, Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics, Polity Press, Cambridge.
  17. Coston Bethany, Kimmel Michael, 2012, Seeing Privilege Where It Isn’t: Marginalized Masculinities and the Intersectionality of Privilege, „Journal of Social Issues”, t. 68(1), s. 97–111.
  18. Crosset Tod, 1989, Masculinity, Sexuality and the Development of Early Modern Sport, w: Michel Messner, Donald F. Sabo (red.), Sport, Men and the Gender Order, Human Kinetics, Champaign, Il.
  19. Giulianotti Richard, 1999, Football: A Sociology of the Global Game, Polity, Cambridge.
  20. Gove Jeremy P., 2012, Three and Out: The NFL’s Concussion Liability and How Players Can Tackle the Problem, „Journal of Entertainment and Technology Law”, t. 14(3), s. 649–691.
  21. Guccione John, 2014, Moving Past a ‘Pocket Change’ Settlement: The Threat of Preemption and How the Loss of Chance Doctrine Can Help NFL Concussion Plaintiffs Prove Causation, „Journal of Law and Policy”, t. 22(2), s. 907–956.
  22. Grindstaff Laura, West Emilly, 2006, Cheerleading and the Gendered Politics of Sport, „Social Problems”, t. 53(4), s. 500–518.
  23. Hall Stuart, 1987, Kodowanie i dekodowanie, „Przekazy i Opinie”, nr 1–2.
  24. Harris John Clayton Ben, 2002, Femininity, Masculinity, Physicality and the English Tabloid Press, „International Review for the Sociology of Sport”, t. 37, s. 397–413.
  25. Hasbrook Cynthia, Harris Othello, 2006, Wrestling With Gender, w: Jim Mckay, Michael Messner, Don Sabo (red.), Masculinities, Gender Relations and Sport, Sage Publications, London.
  26. Jakubowska Honorata, 2013, Stadion z perspektywy płci, w: Radosław Kossakowski, Krzysztof Stachura, Anna Strzałkowska, Magdalena Żadkowska (red.), Futbol i cała reszta, Wydawnictwo Orbis Exterior, Pszczółki.
  27. Jones Amy, Greer Jennifer, 2011, You Don’t Look Like an Athlete: The Effects of Feminine Appearance on Audience Perceptions of Female Athletes and Women’s Sports, „Journal of Sport Behaviour”, t. 34(4), s. 358–377.
  28. Kaufman Michael (red.), 1987, Beyond Patriarchy: Essays by Men on Pleasure, Power, and Change, Oxford University Press, Toronto–New York.
  29. Kidd Bruce, 1989, The Men’s Cultural Centre: Sports and the Dynamics of Women’s Oppression/Men’s Repression, w: Michael Messner, Donald F. Sabo (red.), Sport, Men and the Gender Order, Human Kinetics, Champaign.
  30. Kimmel Michael Scott, 1989, Baseball and the Reconstruction of American Masculinity, 1880–1920, w: Michael Messner, Donald F. Sabo (red.), Sport, Men and the Gender Order, Human Kinetics, Champaign.
  31. Kimmel Michael Scott, 2009, Guyland: The Perilous World Where Boys Become Men, Harper, New York.
  32. Lippe Gerd, von der, 2002, Media Image — Sport, Gender and National Identities in Five European Countries, „International Review for the Sociology of Sport”, t. 37(4), s. 371–395.
  33. McKay Jim, Messner Michael, Sabo Don (red.), 2000, Masculinities, Gender Relations, and Sport, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks.
  34. Mcquail Denis, 2007, Teoria komunikowania masowego, tłum. Alina Szulżycka, Marta Bucholc, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
  35. Messner Michael, 1992, Power at Play: Sport and the Problem of Masculinity, Beacon Press, Boston.
  36. Messner Michael, Cooky Cheryl, 2010, Gender in Televised Sports: News and Highlights Shows, 1989–2010, University of Southern California Center for Feminist Research (http://dornsi-fecms.usc.edu/assets/sites/80/docs/tvsports.pdf [20.03.2016]).
  37. Messner Michael, Dworkin Shari, 2002, Just Do What? Sport, Bodies, Gender, w: Sheila Scraton, Ann Flintoff (red.), Sport and Gender. A Reader, Routledge, New York.
  38. Messner Michael, Montez de Oca Jeffrey, 2005, The Male Consumer as Loser: Beer and Liquor Ads in Mega Sports Media Events, „Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society”, t. 30, s. 1879–1909.
  39. Messner Michael, Sabo Don F., 1994, Sex, Violence and Power in Sport, Rethinking Masculinity, Crossing Press, New York.
  40. Nadelhaft Matthew, 1993, Metawar: Sports and the Persian Gulf War, „Journal of American Culture”, t. 16(4), s. 25–33.
  41. Real Michael, 1998, Mediasport: Technology and the Commodification of Postmodern World, w: Lawrence Wenner (red.), Mediasport, Routledge, New York.
  42. Riemer Brenda, Visio Michelle, 2003, Gender Typing of Sports: An Investigation of Metheny’s Classification, „Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport”, t. 74, s. 193–204.
  43. Rowe David, 2004, Sport, Culture and the Media, Open University Press, Berkshire.
  44. Sabo Don F., Jansen Sue, 1998, Prometheus Unbound: Constructions of Masculinity in Sports Media, w: Lawrence Wenner (red.), Mediasport, Routledge, London–New York.
  45. Theberge Nancy, Cronk Alan, 1994, Work Routines in Newspaper Sport Departments and the Coverage of Women’s Sports, w: Susan Birrell, Cheryl L. Cole (red.), Women, Sport and Culture, Human Kinetics, Champaign, Il.
  46. Wenner Lawrence, 2015, Assessing the Sociology of Sport: On the Mediasport Interpellation and Commodity Narratives, „International Review for the Sociology of Sport”, t. 50(3–4), s. 628–633.
  47. Whannel Garry, 2002, Media Sport Stars: Masculinities and Moralities, Routledge, London–New York.
  48. Whitson David, 1989, Sport in the Social Construction of Masculinity, w: Michael Messner, Donald F. Sabo (red.), Sport, Men and the Gender Order, Human Kinetics, Champaign.
  49. Whitson David, 2002, The Embodiment of Gender: Discipline, Domination, and Empowerment, w: Susan Scraton, Anne Flintoff (red.), Sport and Gender. A Reader, Routledge, New York.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Similar Articles

<< < 5 6 7 8 9 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.