Przejdź do głównego menu Przejdź do sekcji głównej Przejdź do stopki

Tom 76 Nr 2 (2023): Wojna Rosji z Ukrainą: zagadnienia międzynarodowe i wewnętrzne

Reakcja międzynarodowa na wojnę Rosji z Ukrainą

Kanada wobec wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35757/SM.2023.76.2.07
Przesłane: 22 sierpnia 2023
Opublikowane: 29 marca 2024

Abstrakt

Poniższa analiza ma na celu scharakteryzowanie polityki Ottawy wobec konfliktu rosyjsko-ukraińskiego. Dla niniejszego wywodu istotne jest również zaprezentowanie, jakie formy przyjęło zaangażowanie Kanady i jak reagowała na wydarzenia w Ukrainie począwszy od aneksji Krymu w marcu 2014 r. aż do rosyjskiej inwazji w lutym 2022 r. Liczna mniejszość ukraińska oraz wpływ lobby ukraińskiego na proces kształtowania polityki zagranicznej Ottawy to główny argument tłumaczący zaangażowanie się Kanady w regionie Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Metody badawcze zastosowane w tekście to metoda deskryptywna oraz decyzyjna i analizy zawartości.

Bibliografia

  1. National Household Survey: Data tables, Statistics Canada [online, dostęp: 20 IX 2023]: <https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=0&PID=105396&PRID=0&PTYPE=105277&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2013&THEME=95&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=>.
  2. About two in three Canadians prefer increasing our defence spending to reach the 2% NATO ally target (CTV/Nanos), NANOS [online], 8 V 2023 [dostęp: 27 X 2023]: <https://nanos.co/about-two-in-three-canadians-prefer-increasing-our-defence-spending-to-reach-the-2-nato-ally-target-ctv-nanos/>.
  3. Adjustment to Canada`s border and travel measures, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 20 IX 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/news/2021/11/adjustments-to-canadas-border-and-travel-measures.html>.
  4. Alexandra Chyczij, Bio, Ukrainian–Canadian Congress [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.ucc.ca/ucc-leader/alexandra-chyczij/>.
  5. Berkshire Miller J., Devlen B., Opinion: Canada`s days of freeloading on NATO allies must end, „National Post” [online], 11 VII 2023 [dostęp: 27 X 2023]: <https://nationalpost.com/opinion/canadas-days-of-freeloading-on-nato-allies-must-end>.
  6. Blaze Carlson K., Ukrainian–Canadians have a strong voice in Ottawa, The Globe and Mail [online], 1 II 2014 [dostęp: 7 IX 2023]: <https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/ukrainian-canadians-have-a-strong-voice-in-ottawa/article16647646/>.
  7. Canada signs agreement to upgrade, add troops to Latvia battle group, „The Globe and Mail” [online], 29 VI 2022 [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-nato-embarks-on-greatest-overhaul-since-cold-war-but-canadas-role/>.
  8. Canada to deploy more troops to Latvia in order to reinforce enhanced Forward Presence, Multinational Corps Northeast NATO [online], 29 VI 2023 [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://mncne.nato.int/newsroom/news/2023/canada-to-deploy-additional-troops-and-equipment-to-latvia>.
  9. Canada to lead efforts to form ‘combat-capable’ brigade in Latvia, „Reuters” [online], 29 VI 2022 [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.reuters.com/world/canada-lead-efforts-form-combat-capable-brigade-latvia-2022-06-29/>.
  10. Canada welcomes first federal charter flight for Ukrainians in Winnipeg, News Release, Government of Canada [online], 23 V 2022, [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: .
  11. Canada-Ukraine Relations, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.international.gc.ca/country-pays/ukraine/relations.aspx?lang=en>.
  12. Census profile, 2016 census, Statistics Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Language&TABID=1>.
  13. Census profile, 2021 census population, Statistics Canada [online, dostęp: 20 IX 2023]: <https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&DGUIDList=2021A000011124&GENDERList=1,2,3&STATISTICList=1&HEADERList=0&SearchText=Canada>.
  14. Coletta A., Trudeau told NATO that Canada will never meet spending goal, Discord leak shows, „The Washington Post” [online], 19 IV 2023 [dostęp: 27 X 2023]: <https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2023/04/19/canada-military-trudeau-leaked-documents/>.
  15. Defence expenditure of NATO countries (2014–2023), NATO Press Release [online], 7 VII 2023 [dostęp: 27 X 2023]: <https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2023/7/pdf/230707-def-exp-2023-en.pdf>.
  16. Economic, humanitarian and development assistance, and security and stabilization support – Russia`s invasion of Ukraine, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/response_conflict-reponse_conflits/crisis-crises/ukraine-dev.aspx?lang=eng>.
  17. Ed Stelmach, The Alberta Order of Excellence, Alberta [online, dostęp: 7 IX 2023]: <https://www.alberta.ca/aoe-ed-stelmach>.
  18. Ethnic origin, both sexes, age (total), Canada, 2016 census – 25% sample data, immigration and ethnocultural diversity highlight tables, Statistics Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/imm/Table.cfm?Lang=E&T=31&Geo=01>.
  19. Extending the Canada–Ukraine Authorization for Emergency Travel and other supports, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/ukraine-measures/end-dates.html>.
  20. Fuss J., Canada can`t meet NATO spending target without serious fiscal consequences, Fraser Institute [online], 5 VII 2023 [dostęp: 14 VII 2023]: <https://www.fraserinstitute.org/article/canada-cant-meet-nato-spending-target-without-serious-fiscal-consequences>.
  21. Gabryś M., Doktryna Stephena Harpera w polityce zagranicznej Kanady, [w:] M. Gabryś, M. Marczuk-Karbownik, T. Soroka, Międzynarodowa pozycja Kanady 2006–2018, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2018, s. 12–57; J. Ibbitson, Stephen Harper, Signal, Toronto 2015.
  22. Hlatky S. von, NATO`s Vilnius summit made clear that the status quo is unacceptable, The Globe and Mail [online], 14 VII 2023 [dostęp: 27 X 2023]: <https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-natos-vilnius-summit-made-clear-that-the-status-quo-is-unacceptable/>.
  23. Immigrant population by place of birth, period of immigration, 2016 counts, both sexes, age (total), Canada, 2016 census – 25% sample data, immigration and ethnocultural diversity highlight tables, Statistics Canada, [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/imm/Table.cfm?Lang=E&T=21&Geo=01>.
  24. Immigration measures and support for Ukrainians and their families supports, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 20 IX 2023]: < https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/ukraine-measures.html>.
  25. Ivison J., Our NATO allies have little patience left for Trudeau`s freeloading, „National Post” [online], 10 VII 2023 [dostęp: 27 X 2023]: <https://nationalpost.com/opinion/nato-has-little-patience-for-trudeaus-freeloading>.
  26. Jobs for Ukraine, Job Bank, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.jobbank.gc.ca/findajob/resources/jobsforukraine>.
  27. Sevunts L., Defence policy first, weapons later, Canada tells Ukraine, CBC News [online], 13 VII 2019 [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ukraine-canada-russia-defence-weapons-sales-1.5210632>.
  28. Leuprecht Ch., Sokolsky J., An Enhanced Forward Presence in the Baltics. Canada’s enduring commitment to transatlantic security, „Atlantisch Perspectief” 2017, vol. 41, No. 5, s. 21–26.
  29. MacLachlan K., Wolfraim Z., Diplomacy disturbed: NATO, conservative morality and the unfixing of a middle power, „British Journal of Canadian Studies” 2015, vol. 28, issue 1, s. 53.
  30. Marczuk-Karbownik M., Big change or continuation? Canada’s policy towards the situation in Ukraine under Justin Trudeau (2015–2020), [w:] Canadian political, social and historical (re)visions in the 20th and 21st centuries, eds. M. Gabryś, M. Marczuk-Karbownik, M. Paluszkiewicz-Misiaczek, Peter Lang Publishing, Berlin 2020, s. 71–93.
  31. Marczuk-Karbownik M., Ukraina w polityce zagranicznej Kanady po zakończeniu zimnej wojny, „Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej” 2022, t. 20, z. 4, s. 281–282, DOI: 10.36874/RIESW.2022.4.11.
  32. Mas S., Russian sanctions against Canadians a „badge of honour”, CBC News [online], 24 III 2014 [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/russian-sanctions-against-canadians-a-badge-of-honour-1.2584137>.
  33. NATO`s forward presence, factsheet, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation [online], XI 2022 [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2022/11/pdf/221128-factsheet-efp_en.pdf>.
  34. NATO’s military presence in the east of the Alliance, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_136388.htm>.
  35. Operation Reassurance, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/operations/military-operations/current-operations/operation-reassurance.html>.
  36. Operation Unifier, Government of Canada [online], [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/operations/military-operations/current-operations/operation-unifier.html>.
  37. Our Projects, Canada–Ukraine Foundation [online, dostęp: 10 VII 2023]: <https://www.cufoundation.ca/our-projects/>.
  38. Prime Minister visits Kyiv, Ukraine, Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau [online], 8 V 2022 [dostęp: 10 VII 2023]: <https://pm.gc.ca/en/news/news-releases/2022/05/08/prime-minister-visits-kyiv-ukraine>.
  39. Prime Minister visits Kyiv, Ukraine, Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau [online], 10 VI 2023 [dostęp: 10 VII 2023]: <https://www.pm.gc.ca/en/news/news-releases/2023/06/10/prime-minister-visits-kyiv-ukraine>.
  40. Provincial and territorial resources for Ukrainians – Russian invasion of Ukraine, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/response_conflict-reponse_conflits/crisis-crises/ukraine-provincial.aspx?lang=eng>.
  41. Sanctions – Russian invasion of Ukraine, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/response_conflict-reponse_conflits/crisis-crises/ukraine-sanctions.aspx?lang=eng#dataset-filter1>.
  42. Sanctions – Russian Invasion of Ukraine, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 22 IX 2023]: <https://www.international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/response_conflict-reponse_conflits/crisis-crises/ukraine-sanctions.aspx?lang=eng>.
  43. Sevunts L., Defence policy first, weapons later, Canada tells Ukraine, CBC News [online], 13 VII 2019 [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ukraine-canada-russia-defence-weapons-sales-1.5210632>.
  44. Swyripa F. A., Ukrainian Canadians, The Canadian Encyclopedia [online, dostęp: 7 IX 2023]: <https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/ukrainian-canadians>.
  45. Tatar K., Helping the homeland in troubled times: Advocacy by Canada’s Ukrainian diaspora in the context of regime change and war in Ukraine, „Central and Eastern European Migration Review” 2020, vol. 9, issue 2, s. 38–39.
  46. The 41st Parliament, 2nd Session, House of Commons, Parliament of Canada [online], 29 IV 2015 [dostęp: 20 IX 2023]: <https://www.ourcommons.ca/PublicationSearch/en/?View=D&Item=&ParlSes=41-2&oob=&Topic=&Proc=&Per=&Prov=&Cauc=&Text=ukraine%20weapons&RPP=15&order=&targetLang=&SBS=0&MRR=150000&Page=1&PubType=37>.
  47. The 42nd Parliament, 1st Session, House of Commons, Parliament of Canada [online], 26 XI 2018, [dostęp: 20 IX 2023]: <https://www.ourcommons.ca/PublicationSearch/en/?View=D&Item=&ParlSes=42-1&oob=&Topic=&Proc=&Per=&Prov=&Cauc=&Text=ukraine%20weapons&RPP=15&order=&targetLang=&SBS=0&MRR=150000&Page=1&PubType=37>.
  48. The Secretary General`s annual report 2022, NATO, Brussels 2023, s. 52: <https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2023/3/pdf/sgar22-en.pdf> [dostęp: 14 VII 2023].
  49. Total bilateral aid commitments to Ukraine as a percentage of donor gross domestic product (GDP) between January 24, 2022 and February 24, 2023, by country, Statista [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.statista.com/statistics/1303450/bilateral-aid-to-ukraine-in-a-percent-of-donor-gdp/>.
  50. Total bilateral aid commitments to Ukraine between January 24, 2022 and February 24, 2023, by type and country or organization, Statista [online], [dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.statista.com/statistics/1303432/total-bilateral-aid-to-ukraine/>.
  51. Ukraine immigration measures: Key figures, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/ukraine-measures/key-figures.html>.
  52. Ukraine measures: Fee waivers, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/ukraine-measures/fee-waivers.html>.
  53. Ukraine measures: Financial assistance, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/ukraine-measures/settlement/get-financial-assistance.html>.
  54. Ukraine measures: How Canadians can help, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/ukraine-measures/help.html>.
  55. Ukrainian Canadian Congress Represents Ukrainian Community before the people and Government of Canada, Ukrainian–Canadian Congress [online, dostęp: 30 VIII 2023]: <https://www.ucc.ca/>.
  56. Vaccinations and Quarantine, Help Ukraine Vancouver Island [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://ukrainehelpvi.ca/vaccinations-and-quarantine/>.
  57. Vilnius summit communique. issued by NATO heads of state and government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Vilnius 11 July 2023, NATO [online], [dostęp: 27 X 2023]: <https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_217320.htm>.
  58. Walutomat [online, dostęp: 21 IX 2023]: <https://www.walutomat.pl/kursy-walut/eur-usd/>.
  59. #WelcomeUkrainians: Photos from the Government of Canada charter flights, Government of Canada [online, dostęp: 30 VI 2023]: <https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada/ukraine-measures/settlement/flight-information/charter-flights.html>.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Podobne artykuły

1 2 3 > >> 

Możesz również Rozpocznij zaawansowane wyszukiwanie podobieństw dla tego artykułu.