Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Vol. 74 No. 3 (2021): Europejski Zielony Ład

Europejski Zielony Ład w polityce europejskiej

Modernizing and legitimating European integration project though New Green Deal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35757/SM.2021.74.3.02
Submitted: December 30, 2021
Published: December 30, 2021

Abstract

Covid-19 pandemic created a new environment to New Green Deal - flagship initiative of European Commission and crucial element of Ursula von der Leyen political manifesto. Author argues, that faced with the possibility of weakening or postponing ambitious environmental programme because of new challenges the commission, backed by important group pf member states decided to build a direct link between reconstruction after pandemics and greening of the economy. The result was a push forward with decarbonisation commitments  - the stimuli for change should be bound together to strengthen  their interdependence and build a momentum for modernization of EU in both economic and political dimensions. Conditionality of Next Generation Europe financial instrument is one of the links between these two dimensions.

References

  1. Bajric E., Could The “Corona Crisis” Be a Chance For a Better Future?, EyesOnEurope [online], 5 VIII 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.eyes-on-europe.eu/could-the-corona-crisis-be-a-chance-for-a-better-future/>.
  2. Bellemy R., Kroger S., Countering Democratic Backsliding by EU Member States: Constitutional Pluralism and ‘Value’ Differentiated Integration, “Swiss Political Science Review” 2021, vol. 27, no. 3, s. 1-18, DOI: 10.1111/spsr.12448.
  3. Bénassy-Quéré A., Weder di Mauro B., European Pandemic Recovery: An Opportunity to Reboot, “Intereconomics” 2020, vol.55, no. 4, pp. 205–209, DOI: 10.1007/s10272-020-0903-3.
  4. Bez państwa dobrobytu i strategii rozwoju Europa nie będzie dobrym miejscem do życia, Onet Wiadomości [online], 14 III 2021 [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/opinie/bez-panstwa-dobrobytu-i-strategii-rozwoju-europa-nie-bedzie-dobrym-miejscem-do-zycia/m39pcyw>.
  5. Borkowski P., Unia Europejska-próba przedolimpijska, „Rocznik Strategiczny” 2018/2019, s. 187-208.
  6. Bradley C., EU told 'Polexit process may have already started' as bloc warned of Brexit repeat, Express [online], 5 V 2021 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1380167/eu-news-polexit-poland-brexit-repeat-hungary-spt>.
  7. Bruno F., Emmanuel Macron: a leader who speaks up for Europe, EUVisions [online], 5 II 2018 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <http://www.euvisions.eu/emmanuel-macron-leader-europe/>.
  8. Carrieri L., The Impact of European Integration on West European Politics, Palgrave Macmillan, London 2020.
  9. Cianciara A, Europejska Polityka Sąsiedztwa w perspektywie konstruktywizmu, Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, Warszawa 2017.
  10. Ciolos D., Rule-of-law deal: major step for Europe of values, EUobserver [online], 11 XI 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://euobserver.com/opinion/150001>.
  11. Colli F., The end of “bussines as usual”? COVID-19 and the European green Deal, Egmont Institute, Brussels 2020 (Policy Brief No 60).
  12. Communication from The Commission to The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and The Committee of The Regions: Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability. Towards a Toxic-Free Environment, Com (2020) 667 final, 14.10.2020.
  13. Czech PM urges EU to ditch Green Deal amid virus, Euractiv [online], 17 III 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/czech-pm-urges-eu-to-ditch-green-deal-amid-virus/>.
  14. Czy niemiecka solidność niszczy Europę?, Wywiad Waldemara Sroczyńskiego z Piotrem Burasem, Gazeta.pl [online], 16 XII 2019 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://next.gazeta.pl/next/7,151003,25517232,czy-niemiecka-solidnosc-niszczy-europe-buras-oni-nie-sa-w.html>.
  15. Delivering a circular economy within the planet’s boundaries. An analysis of the new EU Circular Economy Action Plan, Stockholm Environment Institute 2020.
  16. Doyle A., Four more EU nations back a green post-coronavirus recovery, Climate Home News [online], 20 IV 2020 [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.climatechangenews.com/2020/04/20/four-eu-nations-back-green-post-coronavirus-recovery/>.
  17. Elkerbout M., Egenhofer C., Ferrer J.N., Cătuţi M., Kustova I., Rizos V., European Green deal after corona: Implications for EU climate policy, CEPS Policy Insight [online], 31 III 2020, s. 2: <https://www.ceps.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/PI2020-06_European-Green-Deal-after-Corona.pdf> [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021].
  18. Elliott L., The coronavirus crisis has brought the EU’s failings into sharp relief, The Guardian News [online], 29 III 2020, [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/mar/29/the-coronavirus-crisis-has-brought-the-eus-failings-into-sharp-relief>.
  19. EU funding withheld from six Polish towns over 'LGBT-free' zones, Euronews [online], 30 VII 2020, [dostęp: 24 VIII 2021]: <https://www.euronews.com/2020/07/29/eu-funding-withheld-from-six-polish-towns-over-lgbtq-free-zones>.
  20. The E.U.’s ominous new name for a top migration job? Vice president for ‘Protecting our European Way of Life, “The Washington Post” [online], 10 VIII 2019 [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/09/10/eus-ominous-new-name-top-migration-job-vice-president-protecting-our-european-way-life/>.
  21. EU Values Are Law, after All: Enforcing EU Values through Systemic Infringement Actions by the European Commission and the Member States of the European Union, “Yearbook of European Law” 2020, vol. 39, s. 3-121.
  22. Europa i USA nie wygrają wyścigu o przywództwo z Chinami zwiększając zaangażowanie państwa w gospodarkę, Onet Wiadomości [online], 12 III 2021 [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/opinie/europa-i-usa-nie-wygraja-wyscigu-o-przywodztwo-z-chinami-zwiekszajac-zaangazowanie/p77p881>.
  23. European Green Deal must be central to a resilient recovery after Covid-19, Climate Home News [online], 9 IV 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.climatechangenews.com/2020/04/09/european-green-deal-must-central-resilient-recovery-covid-19/>.
  24. Europejski Zielony Ład. Komunikat Komisji do Parlamentu Europejskiego, Rady Europejskiej, Rady, Komitetu Ekonomiczno-Społecznego i Komitetu Regionów, COM(2019) 640 final, Komisja Europejska, Bruksela 2019, s. 2, [dostęp: 22 II 2021], dostępny w internecie: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:b828d165-1c22-11ea-8c1f-01aa75ed71a1.0016.02/DOC_1&format=PDF>.
  25. The geopolitics of the European Green Deal, ECFR Policy Brief [online], 3 III 2021 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://ecfr.eu/publication/the-geopolitics-of-the-european-green-deal/>.
  26. German conservatives’ eurobond awakening, Politico [online], 20 V 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-conservatives-eurobond-awakening/>.
  27. Hartleb F., Here to stay: anti-establishment parties in Europe, “European View” 2015, vol. 14, no. 4, s. 39-49.
  28. Hofhuis P., The European Commission on the brink of a green recovery. Will it be able to deliver?, Netherlands Institute of International Relations, Clingendale 2020 (Policy Brief).
  29. How Europe failed the coronavirus test, Politico.eu [online], 7 IV 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.politico.eu/article/coronavirus-europe-failed-the-test/>.
  30. How the EU can stop Poland's 'LGBT-free zones', DW [online], 25 IX 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.dw.com/en/how-the-eu-can-stop-polands-lgbt-free-zones/a-55042896>.
  31. How the EU’s Green Deal survived the coronavirus pandemic, Politico.eu [online], 17 XII 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.politico.eu/article/how-eu-climate-change-promises-survived-the-coronavirus-plague/>.
  32. Is the EU failing on crisis management?, euro topics [online], 18 III 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.eurotopics.net/en/237142/is-the-eu-failing-on-crisis-management>.
  33. Is Warsaw facing de facto Polexit?, DW [online], 7 XII 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.dw.com/en/is-warsaw-facing-de-facto-polexit/a-55836884>.
  34. It's cool to be pro-EU with popular French President Emmanuel Macron, DW [online], 22 VI 2017 [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.dw.com/en/its-cool-to-be-pro-eu-with-popular-french-president-emmanuel-macron/a-39376173>.
  35. Komunikat Komisji do Parlamentu europejskiego, Rady, Europejskiego Komitetu Ekonomiczno-Społecznego i Komitetu Regionów, Komisja Europejska agenda cyfrowa, COM/2010/0245 final.
  36. Kowalski: Koronawirus każe wyłączyć Polskę z ETS i zapomnieć o Europejskim Zielonym Ładzie, Biznes Alert [online], 18 III 2020, [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021] <https://biznesalert.pl/kowalski-wylaczyc-polske-z-ets-europejski-zielony-lad-energetyka-klimat/>.
  37. Lamy P., Greener After: A green recovery stimulus for Europe, Jacques Delors Institute, Paris 2020.
  38. Macron, Merkel call for swift agreement on EU Covid-19 recovery fund, rfi [online], 29 VI 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.rfi.fr/en/europe/20200629-macron-and-merkel-meet-ahead-of-decisive-german-presidency-of-eu>.
  39. Mathijs M., McNamara K., The Euro Crisis’ Theory Effect: Northern Saints, Southern Sinners, and the Demise of the Eurobond, “Journal of European Integration” 2015, vol. 37, issue 2, s. 229-245, DOI: 10.1080/07036337.2014.990137.
  40. Mérand F., Bricolage: A sociological Approach to the making of CSDP, [w:] Explaining the EU’s Common Security and defense Policy, eds X. Kurowska, F. Breuger, Palgrave Macmillan, London 2012 (Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics).
  41. Merkel and Macron show unity ahead of all-important EU summit, EUraktiv [online], 30 VI 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.euractiv.com/section/future-eu/news/merkel-and-macron-show-unity-ahead-of-all-important-eu-summit/>.
  42. Mój program dla Europy: wytyczne polityczne na następną kadencję Komisji Europejskiej (2019-2024), Unia Europejska 2019, DOI: 10.2775/612705.
  43. Movarelli M., EU democracy in the times of coronavirus, “European View” 2020, vol 19, issue 2, s.180-187, DOI: 10.1177/1781685820967770.
  44. New EU Commission delayed for at least a month, EUractiv [online], 17 X 2019 [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.euractiv.com/section/eu-elections-2019/news/new-eu-commission-delayed-for-at-least-a-month/>.
  45. PE przyjął rezolucję: Unia Europejska strefą wolności osób LGBTIQ. Komunikat Biura RPO, Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich [online], 12 III 2021 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.rpo.gov.pl/pl/content/pe-rezolucja-unia-europejska-strefa-wolnosci-osob-lgbtiq-komunikat-biura-rpo>.
  46. Polska jest najmocniej zapylonym krajem w Unii Europejskiej, „Rzeczpospolita” [online], 24 XII 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.rp.pl/Smog/311239924-Polska-jest-najmocniej-zapylonym-krajem-w-Unii-Europejskiej.html>.
  47. Polska w Zielonym Ładzie – korzyści, możliwości i ocena SWOT, Kancelaria Senatu RP, Warszawa 2020 (Opinie i Ekspertyzy OE, 307).
  48. Regierungserklärung von Bundeskanzlerin Merkel in Berlin vor dem Deutschen Bundestag (Protokoll des Deutschen Bundestages), Bundeskanzler [online], 18 VII 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/bkin-de/aktuelles/regierungserklaerung-von-bundeskanzlerin-merkel-1762594>.
  49. Ruszyła rozbiórka Ostrołęki C. Niedoszła elektrownia kosztowała miliard złotych, Business Insider [online], 10 III 2021 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://businessinsider.com.pl/firmy/strategie/ruszyla-rozbiorka-konstrukcji-elektrowni-w-ostrolece/bp0dhmz>.
  50. Rząsa D., Będą wyższe cele redukcji emisji, ale bez wskazywania na konkretne kraje – tak wygląda klimatyczny kompromis szczytu UE, 300Gospodarka [online], 11 XII 2020 [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://300gospodarka.pl/news/kolejne-porozumienie-na-szczycie-ue-ustalila-nowe-ambitniejsze-cele-redukcji-emisji>.
  51. Salvati E., Vercesi M., Anti-System EuroSceptic Parties: Where and why they succeded, EUVisions [online], 4 IX 2017 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <http://www.euvisions.eu/archive/eurosceptic-parties-succeed/>.
  52. Shaelou S.L., Why the coronavirus crisis is still a moment of opportunity for the European Union, The Conversation [online], 12 VI 2020 [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://theconversation.com/why-the-coronavirus-crisis-is-still-a-moment-of-opportunity-for-the-european-union-136877>.
  53. Storm S., The EU’s Green Deal: Bismarck’s ‘what is possible’ versus Thunberg’s ‘what is imperative, Institute for New Economic Thinking, March 2020 (Working Paper No 117).
  54. Surdykowska B., Owczarek D., Posted workers regulations as a cohesion test in the enlarged European Union: divergent interests of trade unions, employers’ organisations and governments, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Bratislavia, 2018.
  55. The von der Leyen Commission: Lofty ambitions, odd job titles, Politico.eu [online], 10 IX 2019, [dostęp 22 VIII 2021]: <https://www.politico.eu/article/von-der-leyen-sets-priorities-with-new-commission-lineup/>.
  56. Umowa społeczna dla górnictwa podpisana, Ministerstwo Aktywów Państwowych [online], 28 V 2021 [dostęp: 22.08.2021]: <https://www.gov.pl/web/aktywa-panstwowe/umowa-spoleczna-dla-gornictwa-podpisana>.
  57. What constitutes European green recovery?, Institute for European Environmental Policy [online], 28 VII 2020 [dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://ieep.eu/publications/what-constitutes-a-european-green-recovery>.
  58. Zerka P., In sickness and in health: European cooperation during the coronavirus crisis, ECFR Policy Brief [online], 8 VI 2020 dostęp: 22 VIII 2021]: <https://ecfr.eu/publication/in_sickness_and_in_health_european_cooperation_during_coronavirus_crisis/>.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.