Polityka dezinformacyjna Rosji wobec Estonii

Abstrakt

Russian activities in the area of information war are very dynamic. They have internal legal, political and military background, constituting an important element of today’s war theatre. Disinformation is directed not only to the global or regional powers, which would undermine the position of the Russian Federation, but also to the neighboring countries, including the Baltic States. It has a specific narrative vis-à-vis individual states, emphasizing historical propaganda and building messages which should be easily absorbed mostly by Russian speaking minorities, which seem to be a sensitive and “easy” target in these terms.Russian disinformation policy faces in Estonia natural barriers. They stem from political (consensus among the parties on pro-European and pro-transatlantic policies), historical (negative experiences with Russia’s and the Soviet Union policy) and economic (limited presence of Russian capital) factors. They key issue for analyzing an effectivity of Russian propaganda in Estonia is demographic structure. Amongst 25% of Russian speaking minority in this country, there is a fraction of citizens (mostly Russians) which are sensitive to Kremlin propaganda. However, the vast majority of Estonian society seems to be impregnated from Moscow’s propaganda. Thus we can state that the disinformation activities of Russia has in Estonia a limited significance.