The article analyses the phenomenon of the Polish Ombudsmen as a strong state institution. The goal is to identify determinants and grounds for its success, proven by the institution’s stability, effectiveness, ability to efficiently perform and expand the scope of functions, ability to maintain the systemic mission and to protect its own borders and identity in the system. The study covered the process of institutionalization of the Ombudsman from the establishment of the office in 1987 to the end of the seventh term in 2020, in the neo-institutional perspective. The analysis focuses on the emergence of institutional structures in a dynamic, transformative political and social environment and the agency of the Ombudsman in relations with this environment. The method of content analysis was applied. Parliamentary debates accompanying the adoption of the law on the Ombudsman were analyzed.
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