Irlandzcy Trawelerzy i status mniejszości etnicznej

Edyta Radzewicz

doi:10.35757/KiS.2018.62.2.2

Tom 62 Nr 2 (2018): PRZEMIANY WIĘZI

Artykuły i rozprawy

Irlandzcy Trawelerzy i status mniejszości etnicznej

Edyta Radzewicz⁺⁻

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35757/KiS.2018.62.2.2
Przesłane: 20 kwietnia 2021
Opublikowane: 28 czerwca 2018

Abstrakt

The Irish Travellers, a native, traditionally migratory group, were recently accorded formal recognition in the Republic of Ireland, ending more than three decades of political negation of Traveller ethnicity by the Irish authorities. Awarding the Travellers the status of ethnic minority should lead to changes in state policy, which previously perceived the Travellers and their way of life in terms of a social problem; above all, there should now be hope for a new, more equal social position for the Travellers in today’s increasingly diverse Ireland. The author discusses the mobilization of the Irish Travellers and the circumstances of their being awarded ethnic minority status. She also considers the Travellers’ attitudes to the question, on the basis of her own field work conducted among the Traveller community in Galway in western Ireland.

Bibliografia

Acton Thomas, 1974, Gypsy Politics and Social Change: The Development of Ethnic Ideology and Pressure Politics among British Gypsies from Victorian Reformism to Romany Nationalism, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.
Acton Thomas, 1994, Categorising Irish Travellers, w: May McCann, Seamus Ó Síocháin, Joseph Ruane (red.), Irish Travellers: Culture and Ethnicity, The Institute of Irish Studies (The Queen’s University Belfast), Belfast.
Banasiak Bogdan, 1988, Ogród koczownika. Deleuze — rizomatyka i nomadologia, „Colloquia Communia”, nr 1–3, s. 253–270.
Barth Fredric, 2004, Grupy i granice etniczne: społeczna organizacja rożnic kulturowych, w: Marian Kempny, Ewa Nowicka (red.), Badanie kultury. Elementy teorii antropologicznej. Kontynuacje, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Bhreatnach Aoife, 2007, Becoming Conspicuous: Irish Travellers, Society and the State 1912–70, University College Dublin Press, Dublin.
Brandi Silvia, 2013, „The intra-Traveller debate on ‘Traveller ethnicity’ in the Republic of Ireland: A critical discourse analysis”, PhD Thesis, University College Cork, Cork.
Charmaz Kathy, 2009, Teoria ugruntowana. Praktyczny przewodnik po analizie jakościowej, tłum. Barbara Komorowska, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Delaney Paul, 2003, A Sense of Place: Travellers, Representation and Irish Culture, „The Republic”, nr 3, s. 79–89.
Donahue Mark, McVeigh Robbie, Ward Maureen, 2005, Misli, Crush, Misli. Irish Travellers and Nomadism: A Research for the Irish Travellers Movement and Traveller Movement (Northern Ireland), ITM, Dublin.
Fanning Bryann, 2012, Racism and Social Change in the Republic of Ireland, Manchester University Press, Manchester (wyd. 2).
Foster Robert, 1988, Modern Ireland: 1600–1972, Allen Lane, London.
Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, 1986, Nomadology: The War Machine, Semiotexte, New York.
Gmelsh Sharon, 1975, Tinkers and Travellers, O’Brian Press, Dublin.
Gmelsh George, Gmelsh Sharon, 1976, The Emergence of an Ethnic Group: The Irish Tinkers, „Anthropological Quartely, t. 49(9), s. 225–238.
Helleiner Jane, 2003, Irish Travellers: Racism and the Politics of Culture, University of Toronto Press, Toronto.
Lentin Ronit, 2012, Turban, Hijabs and Other Differences: ‘Integration from below’ and Irish Interculturalism, „European Journal of Cultural Studies”, t. 15(2), s. 226–242.
McDonagh Rosaleen, 2017, Why Ethnic Status Matters: A Traveller View, „The Irish Times”, 1 marca.
MacGréil Michael, 2010, Emancipation of the Travelling People, National University of Ireland, Maynooth.
MacLaughlin Jim, 1995, Travellers and Ireland: Whose Country? Whose History?, Cork University Press, Cork.
MacLaughlin Jim, 1999, Nation-Building, Social Closure and Anti-Traveller Racism in Ireland, „Sociology”, t. 33(1), s. 129–151.
McVeigh Robbie, 2007, Ethnicity Denial and Racism: The Case of Government of Ireland Against Irish Travellers, „Translocations: The Irish Migration, Race and Social Transformation Review”, t. 2(2), s. 90–131.
McVeigh Robbie, 2008, The ‘Final Solution’: Reformism, Ethnicity Denial and the Politics of Anti-Travellerism in Ireland, „Social Policy”, t. 7(1), s. 91–102.
MacVeigh Robbie, 2013, Denying Traveller Ethnicity Makes Ireland a Rogue State, „thejournal.ie”, 15 lutego.
Mayall David, 1988, Gypsy-Travellers in Nineteenth-Century Society, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
McCann May, Ó Síocháin Seamus, Ruane Joseph (red.), 1994, Irish Travellers: Culture and Ethnicity, The Institute of Irish Studies (The Queen’s University Belfast), Belfast.
Ni Shuinéar Sinead, 1997, Why Do Gaujos Hate Gypsies So Much? A Case Study, w: Thomas Acton (red.), Gypsy Politics and Traveller Identity, University of Hertfordshire Press, Hatfield.
Norris Michelle, Winston Nessa, 2005, Housing and Accommodation of Irish Travellers: From Assimmilation to Multiculturalism and Back Again, „Social Policy & Administration”, t. 39(7), s. 802–821.
Okely Judith, 1983, The Traveller-Gypsies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Okely Judith, 1994, An Antropological Perspective on Irish Travellers, w: May McCann, Seamus Ó Síocháin, Joseph Ruane (red.), Irish Travellers: Culture and Ethnicity, The Institute of Irish Studies (The Queen’s University Belfast), Belfast.
Pohjolainen Laura, 2013, The Traveller Struggle: Past, Present & Future A Report Examing Traveller Activism, Mincéir Whiden Publication, Quin.
Radzewicz Edyta, 2012, O irlandzkich trawelerach i ich rodzinach, „Societas/Communitas”, nr 1.
Radzewicz Edyta, 2016, O Irlandzkich Trawelerach i nomadyzmie, „Studia Migracyjne — Przegląd Polonijny”, nr 4.
Radzewicz Edyta, 2017, „Prawo do drogi. Przypadek Trawelerów z miasta Galway”, niepublikowana praca doktorska, Wydział Stosowanych Nauk Społecznych i Resocjalizacji, Uniwersytet Warszawski.
Rao Aparna, 1987, The Concept of Peripatetics: An Introduction, w: Aparna Rao (red.), The Other Nomads: Peripatetic Minorites in Cross-Cultural Perspective, Böhlau, Cologne–Vienna.

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Słowa kluczowe

Irlandzcy Trawelerzy
mobilizacja etniczna
status mniejszości etnicznej
polityka tożsamości

Jak cytować

Radzewicz, E. (2018). Irlandzcy Trawelerzy i status mniejszości etnicznej. Kultura I Społeczeństwo, 62(2), 21–38. https://doi.org/10.35757/KiS.2018.62.2.2

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[1] Acton Thomas, 1974, Gypsy Politics and Social Change: The Development of Ethnic Ideology and Pressure Politics among British Gypsies from Victorian Reformism to Romany Nationalism, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.

[2] Acton Thomas, 1994, Categorising Irish Travellers, w: May McCann, Seamus Ó Síocháin, Joseph Ruane (red.), Irish Travellers: Culture and Ethnicity, The Institute of Irish Studies (The Queen’s University Belfast), Belfast.

[3] Banasiak Bogdan, 1988, Ogród koczownika. Deleuze — rizomatyka i nomadologia, „Colloquia Communia”, nr 1–3, s. 253–270.

[4] Barth Fredric, 2004, Grupy i granice etniczne: społeczna organizacja rożnic kulturowych, w: Marian Kempny, Ewa Nowicka (red.), Badanie kultury. Elementy teorii antropologicznej. Kontynuacje, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.

[5] Bhreatnach Aoife, 2007, Becoming Conspicuous: Irish Travellers, Society and the State 1912–70, University College Dublin Press, Dublin.

[6] Brandi Silvia, 2013, „The intra-Traveller debate on ‘Traveller ethnicity’ in the Republic of Ireland: A critical discourse analysis”, PhD Thesis, University College Cork, Cork.

[7] Charmaz Kathy, 2009, Teoria ugruntowana. Praktyczny przewodnik po analizie jakościowej, tłum. Barbara Komorowska, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.

[8] Delaney Paul, 2003, A Sense of Place: Travellers, Representation and Irish Culture, „The Republic”, nr 3, s. 79–89.

[9] Donahue Mark, McVeigh Robbie, Ward Maureen, 2005, Misli, Crush, Misli. Irish Travellers and Nomadism: A Research for the Irish Travellers Movement and Traveller Movement (Northern Ireland), ITM, Dublin.

[10] Fanning Bryann, 2012, Racism and Social Change in the Republic of Ireland, Manchester University Press, Manchester (wyd. 2).

[11] Foster Robert, 1988, Modern Ireland: 1600–1972, Allen Lane, London.

[12] Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, 1986, Nomadology: The War Machine, Semiotexte, New York.

[13] Gmelsh Sharon, 1975, Tinkers and Travellers, O’Brian Press, Dublin.

[14] Gmelsh George, Gmelsh Sharon, 1976, The Emergence of an Ethnic Group: The Irish Tinkers, „Anthropological Quartely, t. 49(9), s. 225–238.

[15] Helleiner Jane, 2003, Irish Travellers: Racism and the Politics of Culture, University of Toronto Press, Toronto.

[16] Lentin Ronit, 2012, Turban, Hijabs and Other Differences: ‘Integration from below’ and Irish Interculturalism, „European Journal of Cultural Studies”, t. 15(2), s. 226–242.

[17] McDonagh Rosaleen, 2017, Why Ethnic Status Matters: A Traveller View, „The Irish Times”, 1 marca.

[18] MacGréil Michael, 2010, Emancipation of the Travelling People, National University of Ireland, Maynooth.

[19] MacLaughlin Jim, 1995, Travellers and Ireland: Whose Country? Whose History?, Cork University Press, Cork.

[20] MacLaughlin Jim, 1999, Nation-Building, Social Closure and Anti-Traveller Racism in Ireland, „Sociology”, t. 33(1), s. 129–151.

[21] McVeigh Robbie, 2007, Ethnicity Denial and Racism: The Case of Government of Ireland Against Irish Travellers, „Translocations: The Irish Migration, Race and Social Transformation Review”, t. 2(2), s. 90–131.

[22] McVeigh Robbie, 2008, The ‘Final Solution’: Reformism, Ethnicity Denial and the Politics of Anti-Travellerism in Ireland, „Social Policy”, t. 7(1), s. 91–102.

[23] MacVeigh Robbie, 2013, Denying Traveller Ethnicity Makes Ireland a Rogue State, „thejournal.ie”, 15 lutego.

[24] Mayall David, 1988, Gypsy-Travellers in Nineteenth-Century Society, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

[25] McCann May, Ó Síocháin Seamus, Ruane Joseph (red.), 1994, Irish Travellers: Culture and Ethnicity, The Institute of Irish Studies (The Queen’s University Belfast), Belfast.

[26] Ni Shuinéar Sinead, 1997, Why Do Gaujos Hate Gypsies So Much? A Case Study, w: Thomas Acton (red.), Gypsy Politics and Traveller Identity, University of Hertfordshire Press, Hatfield.

[27] Norris Michelle, Winston Nessa, 2005, Housing and Accommodation of Irish Travellers: From Assimmilation to Multiculturalism and Back Again, „Social Policy & Administration”, t. 39(7), s. 802–821.

[28] Okely Judith, 1983, The Traveller-Gypsies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

[29] Okely Judith, 1994, An Antropological Perspective on Irish Travellers, w: May McCann, Seamus Ó Síocháin, Joseph Ruane (red.), Irish Travellers: Culture and Ethnicity, The Institute of Irish Studies (The Queen’s University Belfast), Belfast.

[30] Pohjolainen Laura, 2013, The Traveller Struggle: Past, Present & Future A Report Examing Traveller Activism, Mincéir Whiden Publication, Quin.

[31] Radzewicz Edyta, 2012, O irlandzkich trawelerach i ich rodzinach, „Societas/Communitas”, nr 1.

[32] Radzewicz Edyta, 2016, O Irlandzkich Trawelerach i nomadyzmie, „Studia Migracyjne — Przegląd Polonijny”, nr 4.

[33] Radzewicz Edyta, 2017, „Prawo do drogi. Przypadek Trawelerów z miasta Galway”, niepublikowana praca doktorska, Wydział Stosowanych Nauk Społecznych i Resocjalizacji, Uniwersytet Warszawski.

[34] Rao Aparna, 1987, The Concept of Peripatetics: An Introduction, w: Aparna Rao (red.), The Other Nomads: Peripatetic Minorites in Cross-Cultural Perspective, Böhlau, Cologne–Vienna.