The analysis at the outset takes a closer look at the post-Cultural Revolution reconstruction and organisation of the education system in the Deng Xiaoping reform era. The central government’s assumption of the role of regulator and creator of the system’s overall operation was pointed out. At the same time, Beijing shifted the effort, including financially, of setting up the education system to area governments. The development in the following decades brought successes in the form of massification of schooling and universalisation of compulsory education. Regardless of its introduction, China’s poorer areas were unable to provide compulsory universal education and made up for their backwardness too slowly. They required financial and organisational support from the central government. In addition, the solidifying and aspirational education across the country did not always meet the standards of the world’s best systems, which the Chinese administration—studying the Finnish experience, among others—was able to diagnose well. The implementation of Education Reform 2010–2020 proved to be a positive breakthrough that left behind, among other things, a reorganisation of funding. One of the main issues of the following text will be to analyse how the above azimuths have been reoriented under Xi Jinping’s government.
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