This article is a retrospective look at the research experiences of the two authors, who began their study of ethnic issues in Poland at the beginning of the 1990s. They discuss the place and role of the anthropologist in the research process, the social and political context of activities in the field, the researcher’s position in relation to the research subjects, power relations, positioning, and the prevailing forms of discourse. Their aim is to show the challenges and dilemmas facing a researcher of ethnic minorities, with the necessity of choosing a strategy of engagement or distance and the consequences of that choice.
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